Peripheral nerve injury(PNI)seriously affects the health and life of patients,and is an urgent clinical problem that needs to be resolved.Nerve implants prepared from various biomaterials have played a positive role in PNI,but the effect should be further improved and thus new biomaterials is urgently needed.Ovalbumin(OVA)contains a variety of bioactive components,low immunogenicity,tolerance,antimicrobial activity,non-toxicity and biodegradability,and has the ability to promote wound healing,cell growth and antimicrobial properties.However,there are few studies on the application of OVA in neural tissue engineering.In this study,OVA implants with different spatial structures(membrane,fiber,and lyophilized scaffolds)were constructed by casting,electrospinning,and freeze-drying methods,respectively.The results showed that the OVA implants had excellent physicochemical properties and were biocompatible without significant toxicity,and can promote vascularization,show good histocompatibility,without excessive inflammatory response and immunogenicity.The in vitro results showed that OVA implants could promote the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while the in vivo results confirmed that OVA implants(the E5/70%and 20 kV 20μL/min groups)could effectively regulate the growth of blood vessels,reduce the inflammatory response and promote the repair of subcutaneous nerve injury.Further on,the high-throughput sequencing results showed that the OVA implants up-regulated differential expression of genes related to biological processes such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt)signaling pathway,axon guidance,cellular adhesion junctions,and nerve regeneration in Schwann cells.The present study is expected to provide new design concepts and theoretical accumulation for the development of a new generation of nerve regeneration implantable biomaterials.
Tiantian ZhengHongxia GaoYaqiong LiuShaolan SunWenchao GuanLinliang WuYumin YangGuicai Li
This study aimed to investigate the effects of phosphorylated-ovalbumin(P-OVA)at different concentrations(0.5%and 1.0%)on the gel properties of pork myofibrillar protein(MP).The results showed that the textural properties such as gel hardness,cohesiveness,springiness and chewiness were improved with P-OVA addition at 0.5%.The water holding capacity(up to 75.89%)and gel strength(up to 168.56 g·mm)of MP gel were markedly increased after P-OVA addition.The absolute value of zeta potential reached 13.85 mV and maximum hydrophobicity(15.2μg)resulted from the addition of 0.5%P-OVA.The storage modulus(G’)and loss modulus(G’’)of MP gel were significantly increased from 50°C,and the G’and G’’significantly increased after 1.0%P-OVA addition,evidencing that the cross-linking effect of MP protein gel was enhanced.In addition,the P-OVA addition improved the structure of MP gel protein by reducing theα-helix,while increasing theβ-sheet and the r-value(the ratio between two ultraviolet second-derivative peak-to-trough distances),which further promoted the uniform and compact gel network structure.This work demonstrated that P-OVA is a highly effective modifier that significantly improves the quality of MP gel.From a view of practice,0.5%P-OVA is the optimal addition amount.
Objective:To evaluate the effect of rosmarinic acid on tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into six groups:the control group,the asthmatic group,and the asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone(1 mg/kg;oral gavage)or three doses of rosmarinic acid(0.5,1,and 2 mg/kg;oral gavage).For induction of asthma,rats received intraperitoneal injections and inhalation of ovalbumin.After 21 days,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung samples were collected for histopathological analyses.Moreover,total and differential white blood cell counts were determined.Results:The rosmarinic acid-treated group had significantly lower tracheal smooth muscle responses to methacholine than the asthmatic group.In addition,rosmarinic acid reduced white blood cell count and the percentages of eosinophils,monocytes,and neutrophils while increasing the percentage of lymphocytes.Ovalbumin-induced lung pathological changes were significantly improved by treatment with rosmarinic acid.Conclusions:Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.
Gut microbiota plays an important role in food allergy.The immunoglobulin G(IgG)/immunoglobulin E(IgE)binding capacity and human gut microbiota changes of digestion products derived from glycated ovalbumin(OVA)were investigated.Gastrointestinal digestion effectively destroyed the primary structure of glycated OVA,resulting in a significantly higher digestibility than gastric digestion,and more abundant peptides<3 kDa.Moreover,gastric and gastrointestinal digestion products have different fluorescence quenching and red shift of fluorescence peaks,and possess different conformational structures.These changes resulted in a decrease in 28.7%of the IgE binding capacity of gastrointestinal digestion products beyond that of pepsin.Moreover,gastrointestinal digestion products of glycated OVA increased significantly the proportion of Subdoligranulum,Collinsella,and Bifidobacterium.Therefore,gastrointestinal digestion products of glycated OVA altered human intestinal microbiota,reducing the risk of potential allergy.
Ovalbumin(OVA)is the major allergenic protein that can induce T helper 2(Th2)-allergic reactions,for which current treatment options are inadequate.In this study,we developed a polymerized hypoallergenic OVA product via laccase/caffeic acid(Lac/CA)-catalyzed crosslinking in conjunction with galactomannan(Man).The formation of high molecular weight crosslinked polymers and the Ig G-binding were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and Western blotting.The study indicated that Lac/CA-catalyzed crosslinking plus Man conjugation substantially altered secondary and tertiary structures of OVA along with the variation in surface hydrophobicity.Gastrointestinal digestion stability assay indicated that crosslinked OVA exhibited less resistance in simulated gastric fluid(SGF)and simulated intestinal fluid(SIF).Mouse model study indicated that Lac-Man/OVA ameliorated eosinophilic airway inflammatory response and efficiently downregulated the expression of Th2-related cytokines(interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,and IL-13),and upregulated IFN-γand IL-10 expression.Stimulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with Lac-Man/OVA suppressed the expression of phenotypic maturation markers(CD80 and CD86)and MHC class II molecules,and suppressed the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines.The knowledge obtained in the present study offers an effective way to acquire a hypoallergenic OVA product that can have a therapeutic effect in alleviating OVA-induced allergic asthma.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of baijinpingchuan(白金平喘, BJPC) on the asthma rat model and identify differential metabolites and disturbed metabolic pathways. METHODS: The rats were categorized into six groups: control, dexamethasone(DEX), ovalbumin(OVA), and low-, median-, and high-dose BJPC. The rats, except for the control group, were initially treated with OVA to develop the asthma model, which was then activated using DEX, OVA, and low-, median-, and high-dose BJPC. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to detect the expression of interleukin(IL)-33, IL-25, thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP), and transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1). Hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to observe the pathological condition of the lung. Untargeted serum metabonomic analysis was conducted to identify differential metabolites and disturbed metabolic pathways. RESULTS: High-dose BJPC significantly inhibited the expression of IL-33, IL-25, TSLP, and TGF-β1(P < 0.0001). Further, high-dose BJPC improved inflammatory cell infiltration, which plays a similar role in asthma as DEX. OVA-induced and BJPC-treated rats were identified through 17 differential metabolites, especially cholic acid. Furthermore, primary bile acid biosynthesis was a significantly differential pathway in the mechanism of BJPC for treating asthma. CONCLUSIONS: BJPC plays an anti-inflammation role in asthma, which might be a promising therapy through mediating primary bile acid biosynthesis.
