针对北疆冻融及雪水入渗作用下土壤水盐运移特征进行了监测。结果表明，越冬期各土层水盐随时间呈中等变异特征，盐分变异系数较含水率变异系数大，且含水率变异系数随深度的增加而减小。研究发现，雪水入渗能在一定程度上补给土壤水，尤其对0~60 cm 土层水盐分布影响较大，在消融期后期，这一土体是造成春季土壤次生盐渍化最危险的区域。
[Objective] This study aimed to determine the effects of supplemental irrigation on yield and nitrogen uptake in winter wheat. [Method] Three supplemental irrigation levels were set based on the target soil contents of 60%, 70% and 80%） at jointing stage of wheat. Moreover, three nitrogen levels （0, 195 and 255 kg/hm^2） were designed. The experimental plots were arranged fol owing a split-plot design. Zhoumai 18 was selected as the experimental material. [Result] Supplemental irrigation and nitrogen application in combination had significant or extremely significant effects on yield, yield components and nitrogen uptake in winter wheat. The interaction between irrigation and nitrogen fertilization had significant or extremely significant influence on the number of ears, number of grains per ear, 1 000-grain weight, grain yield and nitrogen accumulation in winter wheat. Under different combinations of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen application, the maximum yield of winter wheat was obtained at W2 N195, while the minimum at W1 N255. [Conclusion] With the increase of irrigation, negative effect of nitrogen on number of ears, number of grains per ear, 1 000-grain weight, grain yield and nitrogen accumulation decrease under lower nitrogen application rate.
