[Objective] This study was conducted to select wheat varieties with high P use efficiency. [Method] A field experiment was carried out with 112 wheat germplasm varieties as experiment materials under normal （NP） and low phosphorus （LP） conditions, and with Jimai 22 as control, genotypes with high P use efficiency and excellent yield traits were selected. [Result] Compared with NP treatment, 8 wheat yield-related traits, spike number per plant, thousand-grain weight plant height, spike length, fertile spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per plant and above-land weight per plant, and 3 P content traits, grain, straw and above-land P contents per plant decreased significantly under LP condition （P〈〈 0.05）, while 3 P utilization efficiency traits, grain, straw and aboveground P utilization efficiencies increased obviously, indicating that low P stress would greatly reduce yield and P content of wheat at adult stage, but would remarkably improve P utilization efficiency. Correlation analysis showed that plant height, fertile spikelet number per spike and grain weight per plant and straw and above-land P concentrations were in significant positive correlation with 3 P content traits, grain, straw and above-land P contents per plant, and in significant negative correlation with 2 Putilization efficiency traits, straw and above-land P utilization efficiencies （P〈0.01）, and could serve as indexes for preliminary rapid evaluation of P use efficiency. Under NP treatment, 17 genotypes with high P use efficiency were selected, and among them, Hanxuan H28, 2010 Pin 4891 and Zhoumai 28 showed grain weights per plant higher than Jimai 22 by 36.07%, 31.96% and 37.44%, respectively, and above-land P utilization efficiency higher than Jimai 22 by 49.34%, 49.42% and 33.05%, respectively; and under LP treatment, 10 genotypes with high P use efficiency were selected, and among them, Henong 826 showed grain weight per plant and above-land P utilization efficiency higher than Jimai 22 by
