Chemical constituents of the whole herb of Saruma henryi Oliv. were investigated. The herbal extract was separated by repeated column chromatography over silica gel and celite. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified as 7-methoxyl-aristololactam Ⅳ （1）, aristololactam Ⅱ （2）, aristolochic acid Ⅰ （3）, aristololactam AⅡ （4）, daucosterol （5）, aristololactam Ⅰa （6）, N-trans-feruloyl tyramine （7）, aristololactam Ⅰ （8）, 4β,10β-aromadendranediol （9）, aristololide （10）, aristolic acid Ⅰ （11）, meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid （12）, and calopiptin （13）. These compounds were obtained from the genus Saruma for the first time, and they provided chemical evidences for the chemotaxonomy of plants of the Aristolochiaceae family. Since aristolochic acids and aristololactams are toxic to kidney, the results of this investigation suggest that it should be cautious to use Saruma henryi as a medicine.
