利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对6111铝合金进行高温拉伸试验,研究了其在变形温度为350、450和550℃以及应变速率为0.1、1和10 s 1时的热变形行为.6111铝合金的流变应力随温度升高而减小,随应变速率增大而增大,其热变形从应变硬化阶段过渡到稳态变形阶段.建立了综合考虑应变、温度和应变速率对流变应力的影响以及耦合位错密度的统一黏塑性本构模型,并通过遗传优化算法求解出本构模型中的材料常数.模型计算得到的真应力-真应变曲线与试验数据吻合较好.
The forming defects, including thinning, rupture, wrinkling and springback, usually arising in producing a side-door impact beam, were investigated by trial and numerical simulation. A temperature-related constitutive model specific to the temperature range from 350 °C to 500 °C was established and used for the numerical simulation. The trial and numerical simulation were conducted to clarify the quantitative characteristics of forming defects and to analyze the effects of process parameters on the forming defects. Results show that the rupture situation is ameliorated and the springback is eliminated in the aluminum alloy hot stamping. The wrinkling severity decreases with increasing blank holder force (BHF), but the BHF greater than 15 kN causes the rupture at the deepest drawing position of workpiece. The forming defects are avoided with lubricant in the feasible ranges of process parameters: the BHF of 3 to 5 kN and the stamping speed of 50 to 200 mm/s.
