A class of map in which chaotic synchronization can occur is defined. The transverse Lyapunov exponents are used to determine the stability of synchronized trajectories. Some complex phenomena closely related to chaotic synchronization, namely riddled basin, riddling bifurcation and blowout bifurcation are theoretically analyzed. Riddling bifurcation and blowout bifurcation may change the synchronization stability of the system. And two types of riddled basins, i.e., global riddled basin and local riddled basin, may come into being after riddling bifurcation. An advertising competing model based on Vidale-Wolfe model is proposed and analyzed by the above theories at the end of the paper.
A novel algorithm called Colony Location Algorithm (CLA) is proposed. It mimics the phenomena in biotic community that colonies of species could be located in the places most suitable to their growth. The factors working on the species location such as the nutrient of soil, resource competition between species, growth and decline process, and effect on environment were considered in CLA via the nutrient function, growth and decline rates, environment evaluation and fertilization strategy. CLA was applied to solve the classical assignment problems. The computation results show that CLA can achieve the optimal solution with higher possibility and shorter running time.
