For the first time, a molecular dynamics simulation study has been performed for a liquid metal system consisting of 50000 atoms to deeply investigate the transitions of microstructure configurations during the rapid cooling processes. Especially, the cluster-type index method has been adopted to analyze the transforming and evolving processes of clusters and cluster configurations from liquid metal atoms. It has been found that the bigger cluster configurations in the system are formed by means of connecting some small clusters (they are combined by several smaller clusters), and not taken on the multi-shells configuration accumulated with an atom as the center and the surrounding atoms arranged according to some fixed pattern. With the decrease in temperature, the probability of repetitive appearance for clusters increases largely, which reveals that clusters are indeed possessing a certain relative stability and continuity ( namely hereditary effect). These results will give us an important enlightenment to understand not only the forming mechanisms and microscopic processes of the short-order sections and disorder sparse seiions in amorphous structures but also the freezing processes of liquid metals.
