In order to reveal the diurnal and seasonal variations in particulate mass concentration( PM1,PM2. 5,and PM10) during the heavy haze periods and non-haze periods,the statistics based on the data from the Shanghai Urban Environmental Meteorological Center from December 2008 to November 2010 were analyzed. The results were shown as follows. The particulate matter and black carbon( BC) concentrations,especially the fine particulate matter concentrations during the heavy haze were significantly higher than that during the non-haze periods. Overall,the averaged proportion of PM2. 5to PM10 accounted for 59% during the non-haze periods and 81% during the heavy haze periods while that of PM1 to PM10accounted for 43% for the non-haze periods and 70% for the heavy haze periods. Particulate matter concentration had two peaks at11: 00 and 17: 00 in a day. The aerosols concentrations were the highest while the seasonal variation of visibility was the lowest in winter,followed successively by spring,autumn,and summer.
利用2003—2016年的CERES SSF(Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System Single Scanner Foorprint)数据,对东亚不同区域的单层卷云物理特性进行研究。结果表明:(1)单层卷云量在东亚地区为25%~46%,低值区主要分布在青藏高原和云贵高原。单层卷云云厚多为1.2~2.4 km,除南部地区外,东亚其他区域的单层卷云在冬季较厚。(2)东亚地区单层卷云冰粒子等效半径范围集中在22~32μm,东部海域年平均值在14 a中均为最大。冰水柱含量范围集中在12~30 g/m^(2),西部地区为主要高值区,14 a的年平均值均>24 g/m^(2)。(3)单层卷云光学厚度的高值区(1.7~2.1)分布在青藏高原及其附近,低值多出现在西太平洋上空。东亚5个子区域的云光学厚度均在春季较大。
采用CloudSat卫星资料2B-CLDCLASS及2B-CWC-RVOD数据集和Aqua卫星资料的CERES Aqua MODIS Edition 3A数据集,针对2010年12月2—4日北疆地区一次暴雪过程分析了云的类型分布、冰粒子等效半径、低层云等效高度等宏微观物理属性的垂直分布及空间分布情况。结果表明,此次暴雪过程中,云层分布在12 km以下,云中冰粒子等效半径和冰水含量均随云层高度增加而减少,冰粒子数浓度在垂直高度上呈单峰分布,高值分布在云层中部5.5 km处。北疆地区暴雪前和暴雪后基本为低层云云量小于40%的低值区,暴雪时则为大于60%的高值区,云等效高度暴雪前和暴雪后大多为小于6 km值域区,暴雪时为大于6 km的高值区。
