As the carriers of electromagnetic information about the cardiac system,both magnetocardiography(MCG) and electrocardiography(ECG) are non-stationary signals(NSS).The essential and crucial features of NSS are the local time-frequency characteristics(LTFCH).Under the constraint of the uncertainty principle in the time-frequency domain(TFD),the LTFCH of those non-stationary signals can be determined by evolutionary spectrum analysis(ESA).In this paper,by analyzing the QRS complexes of both MCG and ECG data from healthy volunteers,we have derived some characteristic parameters(CHPs) in the TFD,such as the quality factor(Q) and center frequency(fz).According to the experiment results,we believe that there are threshold ranges of Q and fz values in the dynamic behavior of the cardiac system for healthy projects.If the CHPs are in the proper ranges,the cardiac system is in a normal condition and homeostasis can be self-correcting.In contrast,if the values of the CHPs are less than the proper ranges,the homeostasis of the cardiac system is lost and some cardiac diseases may result.The assumption of the threshold ranges is verified by sample data from different cardiac diseases,and the results support the assumption.The CHPs are not only a kind of new reference criterion for ECG in clinical diagnosis,but also afford a technological route for the application of MCGs in cardiology.
LIU XinYuanPEI LiuQingZHANG SuMingWANG YinDAI YuanDong
The electromagnetic field of a human heart system is a bioelectromagnetic field. Electrocardiography (ECG) and magnetocardiography (MCG) are both carriers of electromagnetic information about the cardiac system, and they are nonstationary signals. In this study, ECG and MCG data from healthy subjects are acquired; the MCG data are captured using a high-Tc radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device (HTc rf SQUIDs) and the QRS complexes in these data are analysed by the evolutionary spectrum analysis method. The results show that the quality factor Q and the central frequency fz of the QRS complex evolutionary spectrum are the characteristic parameters (CHPs) of ECG and MCG in the time-frequency domain. The confidence intervals of the mean values of the CHPs are estimated by the Student t distribution method in mathematical statistics. We believe that there are threshold ranges of the mean values of Q and fz for healthy subjects. We have postulated the following criterion: if the mean values of CHPs are in the proper ranges, the cardiac system is in a normal condition and it possesses the capability of homeostasis. In contrast, if the mean values of the CHPs do not lie in the proper ranges, the homeostasis of the cardiac system is lacking and some cardiac disease may follow. The results and procedure of MCG CHPs in the study afford a technological route for the application of HTc rf SQUIDs in cardiology.