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国家自然科学基金(50921064)

作品数:25 被引量:318H指数:8
相关作者:刘俊新张长斌贺泓阮晓东强志民更多>>
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25 条 记 录,以下是 1-10
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矿质颗粒物表面蒽与臭氧的非均相光化学反应
作为典型的持久性有机污染物,多环芳烃(PAHs)具有致癌和致突变的性质。美国EPA将其中16种多环芳烃定为优先控制的污染物。多环芳烃主要来源于化石燃料的不完全燃烧和生物质的燃烧。全球大气多环芳烃年排放量大约为0.001-...
马金珠刘永春马庆鑫刘畅贺泓
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活性污泥TB-EPS的絮凝特性研究:絮体的成长、破碎与再凝聚被引量:5
2013年
为了解活性污泥中紧密结合胞外聚合物(tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances,TB-EPS)的絮凝特性,采用激光粒度仪在线监测技术考察了TB-EPS与高岭土生成絮体的过程以及絮体的破碎与再凝聚规律.结果表明,TB-EPS的主要组分为蛋白质和多糖聚合物,增加TB-EPS的投加量,絮体的粒径相应增大,悬浊液的剩余浊度降低.随着絮体破碎-再凝聚次数的增加,絮体的破碎因子升高而恢复因子降低,表明TB-EPS形成的絮体的强度逐渐降低,同时再凝聚的能力也逐渐降低.TB-EPS吸附高岭土的主要作用力为氢键作用,但在絮体形成过程中多糖聚合物之间的纠缠作用和蛋白质成分之间的疏水作用也可能发挥一定的作用.絮体的破碎是侵蚀和破裂同时作用的结果.
阮晓东刘俊新
关键词:絮凝特性
Complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene over CeO_2 nanocubes被引量:1
2011年
The activities of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at different temperatures were tested for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene. Using CeO2 nanocubes as catalysts, complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene was achieved below 210℃. The CeO2 nanomaterials were characterized by means of BET, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). From the TEM images, all CeO2 nanocubes displayed cubic morphology irrespective of calcination temperature. The HRTEM images revealed that these nanocubes were enclosed by reactive {001} planes, which may contribute to the intrinsically catalytic property of o-xylene oxidation. The higher activity of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at 550℃ than those calcined at above 550℃ was attributed to their smaller crystallite size and larger surface area. The influences of reaction conditions were also studied, which found that a higher reaction temperature was necessary for complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at higher weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) and o-xylene concentration.
Lian He Yunbo Yu Changbin Zhang Hong He
关键词:O-XYLENE
pH modeling for maximum dissolved organic matter removal by enhanced coagulation被引量:6
2012年
Correlations between raw water characteristics and pH after enhanced coagulation to maximize dissolved organic matter(DOM) removal using four typical coagulants(FeCl3,Al2(SO4)3,polyaluminum chloride(PACl) and high performance polyaluminum chloride(HPAC)) without pH control were investigated.These correlations were analyzed on the basis of the raw water quality and the chemical and physical fractionations of DOM of thirteen Chinese source waters over three seasons.It was found that the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants was in?uenced by the content of removable DOM(i.e.hydrophobic and higher apparent molecular weight(AMW) DOM),the alkalinity and the initial pH of raw water.A set of feed-forward semi-empirical models relating the final pH after enhanced coagulation for each of the four coagulants with the raw water characteristics were developed and optimized based on correlation analysis.The established models were preliminarily validated for prediction purposes,and it was found that the deviation between the predicted data and actual data was low.This result demonstrated the potential for the application of these models in practical operation of drinking water treatment plants.
Jiankun XieDongsheng WangJohn van LeeuwenYanmei ZhaoLinan XingChristopher W. K. Chow
关键词:MODELING
A case study of Asian dust storm particles:Chemical composition,reactivity to SO_2 and hygroscopic properties被引量:7
2012年
Mineral dust comprises a great fraction of the global aerosol loading,but remains the largest uncertainty in predictions of the future climate due to its complexity in composition and physico-chemical properties.In this work,a case study characterizing Asian dust storm particles was conducted by multiple analysis methods,including SEM-EDS,XPS,FT-IR,BET,TPD/mass and Knudsen cell/mass.The morphology,elemental fraction,source distribution,true uptake coefficient for SO 2,and hygroscopic behavior were studied.The major components of Asian dust storm particles are aluminosilicate,SiO 2 and CaCO 3,with organic compounds and inorganic nitrate coated on the surface.It has a low reactivity towards SO 2 with a true uptake coefficient,5.767×10-6,which limits the conversion of SO 2 to sulfate during dust storm periods.The low reactivity also means that the heterogeneous reactions of SO 2 in both dry and humid air conditions have little effect on the hygroscopic behavior of the dust particles.
Qingxin MaYongchun LiuChang LiuJinzhu MaHong He
关键词:DRIFTS
碱处理污泥发酵产氢生物相特征被引量:3
2010年
为了揭示碱处理污泥发酵产氢生物相的特征,分别将取自3个不同处理工艺污水厂的污泥进行碱处理,并分别在酸性(pH5)和碱性(pH11)的条件下进行发酵产氢.结果表明,虽然污泥来源不同,但经碱处理后溶出的可溶性有机质均以蛋白质居多,碳水化合物的量仅是蛋白质的15%~16%,在初始pH11的碱性条件下发酵产氢均可获得较高的产氢率,最大(以H2/TCOD计)可达31.9mL/g,但在初始pH5的酸性条件下产氢率不高,且伴有耗氢现象.用F338GC/R534细菌16SrDNA通用引物对发酵产氢结束时的生物相进行PCR-DGGE分析,不同污水厂污泥产氢的生物相差异显著.随着发酵的进行,生物相中优势菌群有增多的趋势,产氢反应过程中微生物菌群表现出更替消长的现象.
魏素珍刘俊新
关键词:发酵产氢PCR-DGGE
结构对soot与O3非均相反应活性的影响
Soot来源于化石燃料和生物质燃料的不完全燃烧,对全球气候和人体健康有着重要影响。Soot的环境和健康效应取决于本身的化学组成和结构。Soot在大气层中的老化过程不仅会影响一些重要气体(HONO、O、NO)的源和汇,也会...
韩冲刘永春贺泓
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Removal of bentazone from micro-polluted water using MIEX resin:Kinetics,equilibrium,and mechanism被引量:6
2011年
The contamination of surface and ground water by bentazone has attracted increasing global concern in recent years. We conducted a detailed investigation using MIEX resin to eliminate bentazone from waters. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of process parameters, such as retention time, resin amount, and initial pesticide concentration, on removal efficiency of bentazone. Results showed the sorption process was fast and bentazone could be efficiently removed in 30 minutes. The kinetic process of bentazone sorption on MIEX resin was well described by pseudo second-order model and intraparticle diffusion was the rate controlling step. The MIEX resin possessed the highest sorption capacity of 0.2656 mmol/mL for bentazone according to Langmuir fitting, Bentazone is a hydrophobic ionizable organic compound, and both ionic charge and hydrophobic aromatic structure governed the sorption characteristics on MIEX resin. The different removal efficiencies of ionic and non-ionic pesticides, combined with the charge balance equations of bentazone, SO4^2-, NO3- and Cl-, indicated that removal of bentazone using MIEX resin occurred primarily via ion exchange.
Zequn LiuXiaomin YanMary DrikasDanong ZhouDongshengWangMin YangJiuhui Qu
关键词:BENTAZONE
城市污水处理厂剩余污泥热值测定方法优化研究被引量:6
2012年
目前的城市污水处理厂剩余污泥热值的测定主要参考煤热值的测定方法。根据污泥的特性,对热值测定过程中污泥的干燥方式、助燃剂的影响和热值校正计算3个方面进行了优化研究。结果表明,冷冻干燥(-50℃)能够避免污泥有机物的挥发,从而精确地测定剩余污泥的热值;对于有机物含量较高的污泥(VS/TS>0.57),不添加助燃剂也能准确测定污泥的热值;通过测定氧弹洗液中硫酸和硝酸的含量来计算热值校正,从而准确得到污泥的热值。
周利郭雪松肖本益刘俊新
关键词:剩余污泥热值助燃剂
矿质气溶胶颗粒的在线制备及其在烟雾箱研究中的应用
矿质颗粒物主要来源于干旱和半干旱沙漠地区的地面扬尘,是大气中含量最高的气溶胶颗粒物之一。矿质气溶胶对全球环境和气候都有重要影响,也是严重影响中国北方地区空气质量的重要环境问题之一。目前已经初步认识到了矿质颗粒物对典型气态...
刘畅刘永春马庆鑫马金珠贺泓楚碧武李俊华郝吉明
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