In this paper, the velocity anticipation in the optimal velocity model （OVM） is investigated. The driver adjusts the velocity of his vehicle by the desired headway, which depends on both instantaneous headway and relative velocity. The effect of relative velocity is measured by a sensitivity function. A specific form of the sensitivity function is supposed and the involved parameters are determined by the both numerical simulation and empirical data. It is shown that inclusion of velocity anticipation enhances the stability of traffic flow. Numerical simulations show a good agreement with empirical data. This model provides a better description of real traffic, including the acceleration process from standing states and the deceleration process approaching a stopped car.
This paper proposes a new traffic model to describe traffic flow with slope under consideration of the gravity effect.Based on the model,stability analysis is conducted and a numerical simulation is performed to explore the characteristics of the traffic flow with slope.The result shows that the perturbation of the system is an inherent one,which is induced by the slope.In addition,the hysteresis loop is represented through plotting the figure of velocity against headway and highly depends on the slope angle. The kinematic wave at high density is also obtained through reproducing the phenomenon of stop-and-go traffic,which is significant to explore the phase transition of traffic flow and the evolution of traffic congestion.
