Objective： To examine the effect of the zedoary essential component-eluting stent （ZES） on a porcine coronary neointimal formation. Methods： ZES, sirolimus-eluting stents （SES）, and bare metal stents （BMS） were randomly implanted in three different major epicardial vessels in 36 balloon-injured pigs. Coronary angiography, optical coherence tomography, and histomorphological analysis were used to determine antihyperpiasia effects. Results： ZES and SES had a significantly larger lumen diameter and area, and reduced diameter and area of stenosis in arteries at 30 and 90 days compared with arteries implanted with BMS （P〈0.01）. Histomorphometric analysis showed moderate inflammatory responses, such as infiltration of mononuclear cells, lymphocytes, and multinucleated giant cells in some arteries with SES compared with ZES （P〈0.05）. Injury scores were not different among the three groups at 30 and 90 days. The endothelialization score in the SES group was 2.69± 0.42 at 30 days and 2.83 ± 0.39 at 90 days compared with the ZES and BMS groups （both were 3.00 ± 0.00 at either 30 or 90 days, P〈0.05）. Well developed endotheiium was observed in the ZES group, while incomplete endothelium and inflammatory cells were observed with stent struts partly naked at the vessel lumen in the SES group. Conclusion： The ZES inhibits neointimal hyperplasia with good endothelia coverage in the porcine balloon injury coronary model.
