[Objective]The paper was to provide reference for further study and development of gayal（Bos frontalis）.[Method]According to the research status at home and abroad,the biological characteristics and rumen microorganisms of gayal in Yunnan Province was studied.[Result]Gayal in Yunnan had typical body form and very good meat production performance,its muscle fiber diameter was significantly less than other kinds of cattle;the water holding ratio,muscle tenderness and muscle succulency were significantly higher than others;its amount,shape and structure of chromosome were different from yellow cattle（Bos taurus）and wild cattle（Bos gaurus）,and the amounts of those chromosomes（2n）were 58,60 and 56,respectively.It could create hybrid with yellow cattle;the gayal＇s special diet was bamboo,its in vitro dry matter digestibility（IVDMD）on various crude forage was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan;the viable bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in rumen were 4.51×109 and 1.63×109 CFU/ml,which was significantly higher than yellow cattle in Yunnan,its dominant bacteria in rumen mainly was cellulolytic bacteria.[Conclusion]Gayal not only had high academic value,but also had a great development value.
[Objective] The influence of mixed silage of A.sparsifolia and M.sativa at initial flowering stage on degradation was studied to provide theoretical basis for production practice.[Method] Using A.sparsifolia and M.sativa at initial flowering stage as materials,the changes of in vitro degradation rate,gas production,pH value,ammoniacal nitrogen（NH3-N）and volatile fatty acid（VFA）content in degradation solution were analyzed by means of artificial rumen technique,and the effect of mixed silage of A.sparsifolia and M.sativa at initial flowering stage on degradation was studied in order to find out suitable mixed silage ratio of A.sparsifolia and M.sativa.[Result] Compared with single M.sativa,NH3-N content in degradation solution was very significantly decreased in the mixed silage of A.sparsifolia and M.sativa,and there was a reduction in gas production,while the content of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid increased significantly;for the treatment of 70% A.sparsifolia and 30% M.sativa,NH3-N content（22.93 mmol/L）and gas production（40.50 ml）was lowest,while degradation rate（32.27%）,acetic acid（5.48 mmol/L）,propionic acid（2.08 mmol/L）,butyric acid（2.52 mmol/L）and their total content（10.08 mmol/L）were highest,so its degradation effect was the best.[Conclusion] The mixed silage of A.sparsifolia and M.sativa at initial flowering stage could improve the utilization efficiency of protein and carbohydrate in M.sativa and the treatment of 70% A.sparsifolia and 30% M.sativa had the best degradation effect.
