Aiming at evaluating the stability of a rock mass near a fault,a microseismic(MS) monitoring system was established in Hongtoushan copper mine.The distribution of displacement and log(/),the relationship between MS activity and the exploitation process,and the stability of the rock mass controlled by a fault were studied.The results obtained from microseismic data showed that MS events were mainly concentrated al the footwall of the fault.When the distance to the fault exceeded 20 m,the rock mass reached a relatively stable state.MS activity is closely related to the mining process.Under the strong disturbance from blasting,the initiation and propagation of cracks is much faster.MS activity belongs in the category of aftershocks after large scale excavation.The displacement and log(C/) obtained from MS events can reflect the difference in physical and mechanical behavior of different areas within the rock mass,which is useful in judging the integrity and degradation of the rock mass.
Liu JianpoLiu ZhaoshengWang ShaoquanShi ChangyanLi Yuanhui
Acoustic emission （AE） technique is a useful tool for investigating rock damage mechanism, and is used to study the temporal-spatial evolution process of microcracks during the similar pillar material experiment. A combined AE location algorithm was developed based on the Least square algorithm and Geiger location algorithm. The pencil break test results show that the location precision can meet the demand of microcrack monitoring. The 3D location of AE events can directly reflect the process of initiation, propagation and evolutionary of microcracks. During the loading process, stress is much likely concentrated on the area between pillar and roof of the specimen, where belongs to danger zone of macroscopic failure. When rock reaches its plastic deformation stage, AE events begin to decrease, which indicates that AE quiet period can be seen as precursor characteristic of rock failure.
北洺河铁矿-95 m 水平4#采场进路联巷及回采进路在掘进过程中或成巷后不久就发生片帮冒顶,采用密集的 U 型可缩式金属拱架仍未能控制住巷道围岩的变形与破坏。利用 flac3d 数值模拟的方法研究了不同卸压高度和宽度下采场进路应力分布状态,模拟结果表明,卸压对巷道不同部位的不同应力具有不同程度的卸压效果,卸压可有效降低仰拱处剪应力及巷道仰拱、两帮和底角的最大主应力,巷道顶底板的最大主应力随卸压工程的开挖而增加,卸压宽度对卸压效果影响显著,在北洺河铁矿条件下卸压工程超出巷道边界1～2 m 为宜。根据数值模拟结果和-80 m 分段回采界线的位置,确定卸压工程范围,采用房柱法进行卸压后,采场的应力集中程度得到有效降低,安全回采矿石15万 t,并为高应力矿山开采提供了卸压开采的新思路。
