An algorithm was developed for identifying and tracking a magnetic bright point, or bright point （BP） for short, observed in both the photosphere （G-band） and chromosphere （Ca II H）, as well as for pairing a photospheric BP （PBP） with its conjugate chromospheric BP （CBP）. Two sets of data observed by Hinode/SOT in the quiet Sun near the disk center were analyzed. About 278 PBP-CBP pairs were identified and tracked. Lifetimes of both the PBPs and CBPs follow an exponential distribution with average lifetimes of 174 s and 163 s, respectively. We found that the differences in appearance time, in disappearance time and in lifetime of the two kinds of BPs all follow Gaussian distributions,which may indicate that the mechanisms of PBP and CBP formation/disintegration are different. However, the lifetimes of PBPs and CBPs are positively correlated with one another, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8. Furthermore, we calculated the horizontal displacement between the PBP and its conjugate CBP, which follows a Gaussian function with an average and standard deviation of （67.7 ± 38.5）km. We also calculated the amplitude of the flux tube shape change which might be caused by MHD waves propagating along the flux tube, and found that it follows an exponential distribution very well.
Prof.Lin’s team at Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a theoretical model including relativistic effect for magnetar giant flares,which was published in The Astrophysical Journal(2014,785:62).They successfully applied the standard solar eruption theory and model to study an energetic astrophysical eruption occurring on the magnetar.Coronal mass ejection(CME)is a manifestation of the solar
Kelvin-Hemholtz（K-H）instability in a coronal EUV jet is studied via 2.5D MHD numerical simulations.The jet results from magnetic reconnection due to the interaction of the newly emerging magnetic field and the pre-existing magnetic field in the corona.Our results show that the Alfv e′n Mach number along the jet is about 5–14 just before the instability occurs,and it is even higher than 14 at some local areas.During the K-H instability process,several vortex-like plasma blobs with high temperature and high density appear along the jet,and magnetic fields have also been rolled up and the magnetic configuration including anti-parallel magnetic fields forms,which leads to magnetic reconnection at many X-points and current sheet fragments inside the vortex-like blob.After magnetic islands appear inside the main current sheet,the total kinetic energy of the reconnection outflows decreases,and cannot support the formation of the vortex-like blob along the jet any longer,then the K-H instability eventually disappears.We also present the results about how the guide field and flux emerging speed affect the K-H instability.We find that a strong guide field inhibits shock formation in the reconnecting upward outflow regions but helps secondary magnetic islands appear earlier in the main current sheet,and then apparently suppresses the K-H instability.As the speed of the emerging magnetic field decreases,the K-H instability appears later,the highest temperature inside the vortex blob gets lower and the vortex structure gets smaller.
We present observations of the eruption of a large-scale quiescent filament （LF） that is associated with the formation and eruption of a miniature filament （MF）. As a result of convergence and subsequent cancelation of opposite-polarity magnetic flux, MF was formed just below the spine of the LF＇s right seg- ment. Probably triggered by a nearby newly emerging flux, MF underwent a failed eruption immediately after its full development, which first ejected away from the spine of LF and then drained back to the Sun. This eruption no sooner started than the overlying LF＇s right segment began to rise slowly and the LF＇s other parts were also disturbed, and eventually the whole LF erupted bodily and quickly. These observa- tions suggest that the MF can serve as an intermediary that links the photospheric small-scale magnetic-field activities to the eruption of the overlying large filament. It appears that, rather than directly interacting with the supporting magnetic field of LF, small-scale flux cancelation and emergence in the LF＇s channel can manifest themselves as the formation and eruption of MF and so indirectly affect the stability of LE
根据SDO/AIA(Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly)2013年12月25日到26日的171?A观测,发现在活动区NOAA 11931西南同一区域连续发生了一系列同源喷流事件,选取了其中的12次比较典型的喷流作了分析研究.与大部分喷流有关的磁场结构在抛射的过程中都有明显的解缠运动,少部分的几个没有.有的喷流的过程可以分为两个阶段:慢速无解缠抛射阶段和快速解缠抛射阶段.有的喷流在发生前,观测到有亮点沿着磁拱底部从远离喷流的一端向靠近喷流的一端延伸,而在喷流过程当中,靠近磁拱底部的区域有两部分磁力线同时在做旋转运动.在最后一次喷流过程中,喷流底部的磁结构东南端有两个磁拱先后出现,同时在西北端有一个小磁环浮现出来.对比SDO/HMI(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager)的视向磁图发现,大约在第1次喷流出现之前4 h,一对正负磁极从有关磁结构的底部浮现,并且在整个喷流事件过程中一直在上浮.虽然在这12次喷流发生前后底部磁场整体上是浮现的,但是具体到每个喷流底部磁场的变化也不尽相同,有的喷流底部的磁拱附近磁场既有浮现过程又有对消过程,而有的喷流底部磁场附近只有明显磁浮现或者磁对消过程.
日冕物质抛射(Coronal Mass Ejection,CME)通常会将其后面区域中的磁场急剧拉伸,使得极性相反的磁力线相互靠近而形成磁重联电流片.磁重联电流片在爆发过程中,既是磁自由能迅速转化为热能、等离子动能和高能粒子束流的重要区域,又起着连接日冕物质抛射和耀斑的作用.2003年1月3日和11月4日的两次CME事件,在CME离开太阳表面附近之后,均有电流片被观测到.结合搭载在SOHO(Solar and Heliospheric Observatory)上的LASCO(Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph)、UVCS(Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer)数据,以及大熊湖天文台和云南天文台的Hα资料,研究两次爆发事件的动力学特征,以及电流片的物理特性.电流片中高电离度粒子的存在,如Fe^(+17)、Si^(+11),表明电流片区域中温度高达3×10~6～5×10~6K.直接测量发现电流片的厚度在1.3×10~4～1.1×10~5km范围之间,并随时间先增大后逐渐减小.利用CHIANTI(ver 7.1)光谱代码,进一步计算得到2003年1月3日电流片中的电子温度和相应辐射量(Emission Measure,EM)的均值分别为3.86×10~6K和6.1×10^(24)cm^(-5).另一方面,利用SOHO/UVCS观测数据对2003年11月4日的CME爆发事件中的电流片进行分析,发现电流片呈现准周期性扭转运动.
