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作品数:7 被引量:124H指数:5
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Structural,compositional and trait differences between the mature and the swamp meadow communities
2018年
Aims The mature meadows(MMs)and the swamp meadows(SMs)are the two most important ecosystems in the eastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Besides their substantial differences in terms of soil water conditions and thereby the soil oxygen and nutrients,however,little is known about the differences in community composition,struc-ture,traits and productivity between these two meadows.We par-ticularly ask whether light availability mediated by physical structure heterogeneity is a key determinant of the difference in community composition and productivity between these two meadows.Methods We examined the community structure,composition,aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP),light availability in understory and the community-weighted means(CWMs)for leaf morphological and physiological traits in 12 random plots(5 m×5 m)for each of the studied habitats.Important findings The results showed that plant community in the MM had higher variation in both vertical and horizontal structure and thus had more light availability in the understory.The MM had higher spe-cies richness and greater ANPP than the SM.The CWMs of leaf morphological and physiological traits for species in the MM fea-tured a fast-growing strategy(i.e.higher height,leaf area and net photosynthesis rate and lower nitrogen:phosphorus ratio),in con-trast to those in the SM.We also found that there were significant correlations between the CWM of traits and the ANPP,indicating that some key traits in these habitats have linked to community productivity.Our study also suggests that the heterogeneity in the community structure,which affects light availability in the under-story,may play an important role in determining the community composition and productivity.In conclusion,our study revealed significant differences in community structure,composition and traits between the MM and the SM,and the light availability that related closely to community structure is the key factor to deter-mine the composition and productivity of the community of these two habitats.
Honglin LiKailiang YuDanghui XuWei LiDorjeeh TondrobGuozhen Du
关键词:SUCCESSION
玛曲高寒沼泽化草甸51种植物光合生理和叶片形态特征的比较被引量:32
2015年
基于功能性状的研究方法广泛地应用于生态学研究,用于解释不同层次的复杂的生态学过程,而绿色植物叶片的功能性状长期被认为对植物的生存、生长和繁殖具有重要的影响。该研究对玛曲高寒沼泽化草甸51个植物种(分属于14科)的叶片形态和光合性状进行测量,比较不同物种和不同功能群(莎草科、禾本科和双子叶类杂草)的差异,分析叶片形态特征和叶片光合性状之间的相关性。结果表明:1)不同物种、不同功能群之间在比叶面积、净光合速率和水分利用效率等叶片形态和光合特征方面有着显著的差异,例如禾本科植物具有较高的比叶面积和水分利用效率,双子叶类杂草具有较大的叶面积,而莎草科植物具有较高的净光合速率。2)相关性分析结果显示,无论在物种水平还是功能群水平,叶片形态和叶片光合性状之间都具有显著的相关关系。该研究揭示了高寒沼泽化草甸植物物种在叶片功能性状上的显著分化,进而使得这些物种能在同一个草地群落中共存,而群落中不同功能群物种的组成差异将会对群落的结构、功能和资源利用产生显著的影响。该研究将为进一步研究高寒沼泽化草甸提供基础研究数据并为其保护和恢复提供生理生态学依据。
任青吉李宏林卜海燕
关键词:功能性状光合生理特征水分利用效率功能群
青藏高原高寒草甸不同季节土壤理化性质及酶活性对施肥处理的响应被引量:8
2014年
分析了青藏高原东缘高寒草甸不同施肥处理对土壤全量养分、速效养分、pH、含水量、有机碳和土壤脲酶活性的影响,以揭示高寒草甸土壤养分和酶活性对施肥的响应。结果表明:(1)随施肥量的增加,土壤 pH明显趋于降低,施肥引起高寒草甸土壤酸化;全磷、速效磷均显著增大;(2)土壤全氮、有机碳和脲酶活性随施肥量增加呈单峰曲线变化,在施肥量为30或60 g·m^-2时最高,施肥量增加到90 g·m^-2时土壤资源逐渐降低;(3)季节变化对土壤养分也有一定的影响,全氮和全磷含量均于9月份较高,而速效氮含量一般于9月份较低,而速效磷含量5月份较低;(4)施肥对土壤养分的影响并不是简单的线性正相关关系,30~60 g·m^-2施肥量可作为高寒草甸最佳施肥水平。施肥处理下土壤有机碳和脲酶活性可作为衡量土壤肥力和土壤质量变化的重要指标。高施肥量(≥90 g·m^-2)可作为影响高寒草甸土壤养分及土壤酶活性的阈值。
李恩宇何贵永
关键词:青藏高原高寒草甸土壤理化性质土壤酶活性
温度和海拔对高寒草甸植物种子萌发进化特性的影响被引量:10
2013年
选择青藏高原东部高寒草甸的32科524种植物种子,探讨了温度、海拔与种子大小对种子萌发特性的影响.研究结果表明变温极显著地影响种子萌发,能够解释萌发率变异的3.4%.在5/15℃,5/20℃,10/25℃3个变温处理下,物种萌发比例分别为78.7%,83.4%,91.3%,平均萌发率分别为36.4%,40.6%,47.2%.其中5/15℃变温处理下物种萌发比例与萌发率均最低,表明高寒低温不利于种子萌发.同时,温度对种子萌发的影响依赖于系统发育,科分类能够解释样区物种种子萌发总变异的34.9%.10个主要科植物种子在变温5/15℃,5/20℃,10/25℃处理下表现出不同的萌发特性,各个科的最高与最低萌发率差异显著.总体而言,禾本科平均萌发率最高(73.6%),豆科的最低(8.2%),各个科对温度变化表现出不同的适应机制.种子采集地海拔与平均萌发率显著相关,能够解释萌发率总变异的2.3%.种子萌发率随海拔升高而降低.与前人研究结果不同的是本次研究结果表明种子大小与萌发率间呈显著的负相关.一方面,样区内随海拔升高,种子有变小的趋势,有利于萌发率的增加;另一方面,高海拔比低海拔地区温度低,不利于种子萌发.样区内各物种的萌发特性受到以上正负影响的双重作用,呈现出各异的萌发特性.
许静杜国祯李文龙刘伟高天鹏
关键词:温度海拔种子大小萌发特性高寒草甸
青藏高原高寒湿地不同季节土壤理化性质对放牧模式的响应被引量:64
2015年
本文分析了青藏高原东缘高寒湿地在全年放牧、冬季放牧和全年禁牧3种放牧模式下土壤理化性质的变化,探讨其在不同土层深度的变化及季节性动态。结果如下:1)沿着全年禁牧—冬季放牧—全年放牧3种放牧模式,土壤表层(0~15 cm)及下层(15~30 cm)的土壤含水量和有机碳含量显著减小。2)土壤含水量、有机碳、全氮、全磷和速效氮含量均随土层深度的增加而降低,而速效磷表现为无规律。3)3种放牧模式下表层土壤有机碳含量均为:9月>5月>7月;全氮和全磷含量一般都在9月份较高,而速效氮和速效磷含量9月份最低,每种放牧模式下它们之间的具体差异也不完全相同。4)除5月份,两个土层土壤全氮含量均与有机碳含量呈极显著正相关。综上,全年放牧模式加快了土壤中 C、N、P 的周转,使土壤养分输出量增加,进而导致土壤肥力下降,草地退化。
何贵永孙浩智史小明齐威杜国祯
关键词:青藏高原高寒湿地土壤理化性质
黑土层厚度及心土培肥对大豆产量的影响被引量:4
2012年
在盆栽试验条件下,以典型岗地白浆土土层结构为基础,通过改变黑土层的厚度研究了心土层对大豆产量的贡献;并通过混施磷肥和钙肥,研究了心土培肥的效果。结果表明:随着黑土厚度的增加,大豆株高和产量显著增加,白浆土心土对大豆产量的贡献很低,仅为4.7%;各心土培肥处理比心土混层增产9.7%~18.1%,比白浆土原状土壤增产16.0%~34.1%,土壤施磷后增加了Ca2-P、Ca8-P和Al-P的含量。因此,白浆土心混施钙磷肥对大豆有显著的增产效果。
匡恩俊刘峰高中超
关键词:大豆白浆土心土培肥
comLinking flowering and reproductive allocation in response to nitrogen addition in an alpine meadow被引量:7
2014年
Aims Plants can change in phenology and biomass allocation in response to environmental change.It has been demonstrated that nitrogen is the most limiting resource for plants in many terrestrial ecosystems.Previous studies have usually focused on either flowering phenology or biomass allocation of plants in response to nitrogen addition;how-ever,attempts to link flowering phenology and biomass allocation are still rare.In this study,we tested the effects of nitrogen addition on both flowering phenology and reproductive allocation in 34 common species.We also examined the potential linkage between flowering time and reproductive allocation in response to nitrogen addition.Methods We conducted a 3-year nitrogen addition experiment in Tibetan alpine meadow.We measured first flowering date and the repro-ductive allocation for 34 common plant species in control,low and high nitrogen added plots,respectively.one-way analysis of variance was used to examine differences of first flowering date and reproductive allocation among treatments.The relationships between the change in species first flowering date and change in reproductive allocation in response to nitrogen addition were examined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients.Important Findings For most species,both first flowering date and reproductive alloca-tion significantly responded to nitrogen addition.Nitrogen addition significantly delayed the first flowering date and reduced the repro-ductive allocation for all graminoid species,but accelerated flower-ing and increased reproductive allocation for most forb species.We found that changes in first flowering date significantly negatively correlated with the changes in reproductive allocation over spe-cies in response to nitrogen,which indicated a positive relationship between flowering response and plant performance in reproductive allocation.species that advanced their flowering time with nitrogen addition increased their reproductive allocation,whereas those that delayed flowering time tended to decline
Zhilong ZhangKechang NiuXudong LiuPeng JiaGuozhen Du
关键词:FLOWERING
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