Background:Several studies indicated that Erythropoietin(Epo)may provide remarkable neuroprotection in some neurological diseases.It also showed the significant decrease of Epo immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in aged rats,suggesting the role of Epo in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.Methods:The protective effect of Epo was studied in differentiated PC12 cells treated with Abeta.The viability of the cells,the apoptosis of the cells and the level of Bax,Bcl-2,cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP expression were detected by MTT,Hoechst 33258 staining and Western blotting respectively.Results:20μM Abeta(25-35)could induce a decreased viability and a increased apoptosis in PC12 cell in a timedependent manner.However,20μM Abeta(35-25)had no effect on cell viability and apoptosis.Western blot analysis also showed that Abeta(25-35)treatment could decrease the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.05)and increase the expression of Bax(P<0.05),Cleaved casapase-3(P<0.05),and Cleaved PARP(P<0.05).The pretreatment of Epo could effectively reverse all the above changes induced by Abeta_((25-35))(P<0.05).Furthermore,the protective effect of Epo could be blocked by PI3K inhibitor LY294002(P<0.05).Conclusions:Epo prevented cell injuries in PC12 cells exposed to the Abeta(25-35)and this effect may depend on the PI3K⁄Akt pathway.Our study provided an important evidence for the potential application of Epo in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease.
Sun Zhi-KunYang Hong-QiWang Zhi-QuanPan JingHong ZhenChen Sheng-Di
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder,characterized clinically by insidious onset of memory and cognition impairment,emergence of psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorder,and impairment of activities of daily living(ADL).Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is practiced in the Chinese health care system for more than 2,000 years.In recent years,scientists have isolated many novel compounds from herbs,some of which improve dementia with fewer side effects than conventional drugs and are regarded as potential anti-AD drugs.In this review,we summarize the latest research progress on TCM showing their possible role of treatment of AD and other demented diseases and possible pharmacological actions.
目的建立较理想的胎鼠神经元细胞体外原代培养方法。方法取13.5 d ICR胎鼠的大脑皮层,经剪碎消化得到单细胞悬液进行培养,观察细胞形态并作PCR及Western blotting等进行神经元相关的基因及蛋白Tuj1和Map2的鉴定。结果细胞生长状态良好,细胞胞体明显,周围有明亮光晕,细胞突触交错形成网络样,通过PCR及Western blotting验证证明所分离培养的细胞是神经元细胞。结论本培养方法简单易行,可获得典型和纯度较高的ICR胎鼠大脑皮层神经元细胞。
Stroke has become one of the secondary worldwide mortal diseases that burdens the family and the society both emotionally and economically. The announcement of China＇s Ministry of Health in 2008 showed that stroke had been the first cause of death in urban and rural residents.1.2 Traditional therapies such as thrombolysis, anti-platelets, and rehabilitation showed limited effects. Replacement therapy with stem cells promises to be a good solution due to its possible thorough therapy for the damaged brain area, reconstruction of neuronal circuitry, and probable long-term efficacy. Previous studies demonstrated that stem ceils have played crucial roles in various kinds of tissue repair and immune disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, skeletal diseases, arthritis diseases, and lupus erythematodes.37 Evidence from lab experiments and clinical trials implies that adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs） would be a feasible and ideal cell therapy source because of their multi-differentiation potentials, easy collection, low invasion to donor patients, rapid in vitro amplification, reliable biosafety, non-immunogenicity, privileged immune modulation, and escaping from ethical issues.8-12： Data on neurological disease treatment found that ADSCs transplantation protected against acute inflammatory injury, delayed neuron degeneration, and improved neurological behaviors.12-15 Previously, the detailed mechanisms by which transplanted ADSCs induce functional recovery for stroke treatment are far from being clearly demonstrated. Some proposed reasonable mechanisms just stayed at the level of explanation and hypothesis due to the absence of solid experimental evidence.13-14 In this article, we analyzed the previous data to figure out some new paths or ideas which may do favor to future translational clinical studies.
